S. XIII Muslim Spain enters a phase of chaos, bad administration and internal conflicts, that are taken advantage of by Fernando III Santo to initiate reconquers Andalusian. In 1248 the Muslims must leave the country, beginning a cristianización process in which Seville is going away to play a very important role.

The port, where merchandise come together, of the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, will later allow that Castile is integrated in the commercial current of Europe and, two centuries, will impel to Columbus to the discovery of America.

From then Seville, to per an affluent city communicated and to have an inner port of easy defense and fiscal control, becomes the financial and commercial capital of two worlds: Europe and America. From the Sevillian wharves they leave to galleons with conquerors and loaded colonizadores that return to the city of merchandise, silver, gold and precious stones. Around the river a world of bankers begins to work everything, foreign retailers, craftsmen and cheap manual labor who are going to cause that the city grows vertiginously.

Already in s. XVII - principles of XVIII the events as the loss of the commercial monopoly with America - as a result of the transfer of the fleet from Indians to Cadiz -, the expulsion of the moriscos, the plague epidemic that ended half of the population and the loss of territories in Europe, adds to Seville in a deep economic crisis that radically paralyzes the growth of the city.

Nevertheless, at the end of s. XVIII small modernizadoras reforms under the sign of the Illustration begin to be made in Spain. He returns then the implantation from new cultures coming from America, the improvement of the communications and the cultural resurgence.