History of San Juan de Aznalfarache

The small municipality of San Juan de Aznalfarache is located in the Eastern end of the region of the Aljarafe and in the right margin of the Guadalquivir river. Its population in 1.996 promoted 21,484 inhabitants.

The first settlers of these earth could be the tartessios, that gave to the locality their first name: Osset. The Romans also settle in these places to found Iulia Constantia, important seat that was fortified and that would continue being used like by visigodos and Muslims so. These last ones denominate Azn Al-Xaraf ("strength in the stop"). Fernando III Santo the conquest in the middle of century XIII for Corona of Castile, granting it to it to the horsemen of the Military order of San Juan of Jerusalem. Of the fusion of the old Arab denomination with the one of this Order the present name of the population is born. In 1.627, Conde-Duque de Olivares buys the villa of San Juan de Aznalfarache.

The urban nucleus is on the brink of madness located the cornice of the Aljarafe, occupying a hill of 47 meters of altitude, from which the Fertile valley of the Guadalquivir is descried. The origin of the establishment had to be defensive, taking advantage of the height the Chaboya hill, adjacent with the present Hill of the Sacred Hearts. The expansion outside the high enclosure does not take place until half-full of century XVIII, directed towards the south and on the brink of madness way of Gelves (the Real street).

During century XIX, the urban helmet would be made up of the mentioned Real street, the one of Above (way of Mairena), the one of Down and both alleys of the river and the wall. The true urban development takes place from the appearance of the railroad of Cove to first of century XX. After the Civil War, an enormous urban growth begins towards the southwest, having like axis computer the way of Mairena. An orthogonal extended apple plot is believed in its North and South edges that is colmatando quickly of constructions.

In years 40 also the arrangement of the hill of the Castle is undertaken, being constructed the Monument to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, who with his attached religious facilities occupies the central and Eastern platform of this hill, meaning the first great alteration of the historical lot of the old strength. Also it is constructed in the southern zone of the castle (Quarter of Our Mrs. of Loreto) and in the North zone, arriving at years 60 with the hill totally built and transformed. The old one hard is totally destroyed.

The decade of the 60, by the metropolitan effect of Seville, San Juan one becomes a district-dormitory of the capital. The locality is extending its urban graticule towards the southwest (on the way of Mairena of the Alajarafe), towards the north and the south.

At the present time, San Juan is divided in two clearly separated urban sectors by the layout of the Railcar from Seville to Coria of the River, constructed in the decade of the 80. The Slums are the original redoubt (centuries XVIII and XIX), with predominance of the traditional constructions. Its small urban plot is formed around the ways of connection with other aljarafeños municipalities (Gelves, You will take, Mairena, Bormujos), between the southern skirt of the hill and the river.

The High District is the natural prolongation of the urban nucleus towards the southwest, since the Eastern end was cut by the channel of the Guadalquivir river. It is a sector of moved topography more, occupied with a very geometric urban plot, of constructive HD and with modern tipologías, that is, with another conception of the occupation of the space. To both sides of the main axis, in all this High District, they follow one another of form compares a series of straight and long streets, specially until the crossing with the highway from exit to Pigeon houses of the River. From there, the plot complica something more, with equally straight streets and varied tipologías (leaned villas, blocks of houses). This growth has taken place hill above, arriving a little while in which the construction has reached the municipal limit of Mairena, reason why a continuity takes place edificatoria between both towns (quarter of Lepanto).

In lands located to the Southeastern of the population industrial facilities and of equipment are located that occupy great ground extensions: diverse industries, the municipal polideportivo, the educative City council, centers, etc. In the North sector of San Juan, the ground is destined to different tertiary uses: the R.T.V.A., two supermarkets, a hotel of four stars, etc.

Between its constructions of artistic historical interest they emphasize the chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary, the church of San Juan Baptist (of style to neomudéjar, 1,929) and the one of the Sacred Hearts (the call Monument, of years 40), as well as the rest of walls of which outside the Muslim palace and the property of Valparaiso.

History

Monuments

Churches